Documentation:Blended/Course

Technical Tools

Barriers/Enabling Factors to consider

Enabling	Study	Contradictions	Study
Increase interaction	Fayez & Said (2012), Ishtawa & Abdulideh (2012)	Complexity of the use of tools	Stacey & Gerbic (2007) Napier et al. (2010), Holley & Oliver (2010)
Enhance learning	Kose (2010), Eijl et al. (2005), Kenney & Newcombe (2011)	Limitations of technology (tool/task misfit)	Muscara & Beercock, 2010
Enable flexibility	Kose (2010)	Slow response time	Fayez & Said (2012)
On-task time	Stacey & Gerbic (2007)
More active learning	Vernadakis et al., (2012)
Easy to use	Fayez & Said (2012), Tselios et al (2011)
Increased reflection	Fayez & Said (2012)
Available and accessible	Muscara & Beercock, 2010

Ensure that tools are accessible, easy to use, incorporated

Develop a systematic design model that embraces elements identified: COI, UNITE

Barriers/Enabling Factors to consider:

Enabling Factors	Study	Contradictions	Study
Detailed instructions	Ishtawa & Abdulideh (2012)	Frequent change in learning environment—confusing	Donnelly (2010) Napier et al (2010)
Accurate and careful planning	Ishtawa & Abdulideh (2012)	Unstable and Fluctuating	Donnelly (2010)
Asynchronicity (time to think)	Stacey & Gerbic (2007), Fayez & Said (2012)	Workload (extra)	Eijl et al. (2005), Brew (2008)
Linkages between F2F and Online	Stacey & Gerbic (2007)	Non-use of materials	Orton-Johnson (2009)
Text-based, asynchronous communication	Stacey & Gerbic (2007), Brew (2008)	Technology as a barrier to learning	Orton-Johnson (2009), Holley & Oliver (2010)
Systemic reinforcement amongst learner activities, communications, support, and assessment	Stubbs, Martin & Edlar (2006)	Diverse student entry-points and needs	Jones & Lau (2010)
Formative Feedback mechanisms	Eijl et al. (2005)
Active participation	Mendez & Gonzalez (2010)
Provision of resources	Brew (2008)
Flexibility	Holley & Oliver (2010)
Integrating theory and practice	Abrahmov & Ronen (2008)

Intellectual property issues