Difference between revisions of "Course:EDUC5990 summer 2020"

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==Lessons and observations from the great switch to online delivery in 2020!==
 
==Lessons and observations from the great switch to online delivery in 2020!==
  
 
+
On this, you can also add media of various sorts and the video in the course Moodle highlights some of the editing options.  I expect that further things to explore as well as tangents on what we have here initially will evolve as the class adds content and ideas to the wiki.  
For this part of the course, rather than me providing all the readings, links and resources, we are rather going to collaboratively create the content over 10 or so days.  I expect that further things to explore as well as tangents on what we have here initially will evolve as the class adds content and ideas to the wiki.  On this, you can also add media of various sorts and the video in the course Moodle highlights some of the editing options.  Please note that this activity, to collectively develop and explore ideas related to this is the main content for this week.  Also, please note that this week's discussion questions are linked to this as well.
 
 
 
Ideally, we'll have some rich descriptions and commentary to accompany various links, media, etc.
 
  
 
==The COVID-19 Pandemic and Education==
 
==The COVID-19 Pandemic and Education==
  
 
===Lessons and perspectives from Educators===
 
===Lessons and perspectives from Educators===
Educators around the [https://moodle.tru.ca/login/index.php world have] ....
+
All across the world, schools and universities have shut because of COVID-19. Globally, all children are out of the classroom. Consequently, education has dramatically transformed with the rise of e-learning, in which teaching is done remotely and on digital platforms and this greatly affects the bond between teachers and students as students rely on educators not only for academics but also for social and emotional learning. Here is a source which tell us about how this pandemic it becomes a challenge for teachers and students [https://iite.unesco.org/news/guidances-for-online-education-during-covid-19-pandemic-by-iite-and-its-partners/ '''<u>click here</u>''']. and here is a guidance form UNESCO Institute to how to shift online. [https://iite.unesco.org/news/guidances-for-online-education-during-covid-19-pandemic-by-iite-and-its-partners/ '''<u>Click here</u>''']
 
 
[https://www.edsurge.com/news/2020-05-12-a-faculty-perspective-on-covid-19-teaching-it-s-too-soon-to-make-pronouncements A Faculty Perspective on COVID-19 Teaching: It's Too Soon to Make Pronouncements].  By Andrew D. Spear.
 
 
[[File:Online Learning.jpg|thumb|Real-life picture of a teachers desk during the Covid 19 online learning March-June 2020]]
 
[[File:Online Learning.jpg|thumb|Real-life picture of a teachers desk during the Covid 19 online learning March-June 2020]]
  
 
===Lessons and perspectives from Students===
 
===Lessons and perspectives from Students===
 +
COVID-19 and its affects on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6eCDznRXFo Education] when educational institutions are closed and students, parents, teachers as well as administrators are not sure that the days missed will be made up later on.
  
  
Line 31: Line 27:
  
 
- Teachers use a wide variety of electronic tools to teach their students including voice and video conferencing over the Internet, email, telephone calls and others.<br />'''Online course and program finde'''r - https://www.learnnowbc.ca/Courses/
 
- Teachers use a wide variety of electronic tools to teach their students including voice and video conferencing over the Internet, email, telephone calls and others.<br />'''Online course and program finde'''r - https://www.learnnowbc.ca/Courses/
==Lessons  and perspectives from Institutions==
 
  
===Younger learners (K-5)===
+
'''Class outlook during covid-19:-''' https://www.surreynowleader.com/news/covid-19-a-look-at-social-distancing-at-surrey-schools-providing-childcare/
 +
 
 +
 
 +
According to my view point, technology contributed a lot in this covid-19 situation. Technology has given us a substitution for teachers.  Technology helps teachers in such a way that improve students retention power in education and marking assignments made less time consuming.
 +
 
 +
Technology also enhance learning skills in students. with the help of technology only classes become so flexible. Due to technology, online classes become possible which is cost less due to fuel, parking, car maintenance, and public transportation costs.
 +
 
 +
I think the future of online education is bright and promising.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
'''Classes will look 'fundamentally' different in September: Education Minister-''' distancing protocols, spacing of desks and the mobility of students in a school.
 +
 
 +
Lessons  and perspectives from Institutions. Classes will on a very basic level be somewhat unique in September, yet main point is for them to be back in class in a sheltered way drove by an instructor and giving children that feeling of expectation and positive thinking I think they need at this moment.
 +
===Back to school protocols during pandemic  learners (K-12)===
 +
<gallery mode="packed-hover">
 +
File:Staying Connected as a College Student While Physical Distancing Infographic.pdf
 +
File:Student studying Honduras.jpg
 +
</gallery>The provincial government announced a gradual return to normal life in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic this week and it includes a five-stage plan to resuming in-class learning for B.C. students from kindergarten to Grade 12.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
According to the Ministry of Education, stage one is the final step and includes the full return of all students to their classrooms. Currently, all 60 school districts and independent schools are in stage four in which classroom programs are available only to select students.
 +
 
 +
Stephanie Higginson, president of the B.C. School Trustees Association, said the stages will look different in each district as it decides how best to introduce them.
 +
 
 +
These are the five stages as defined by the ministry:
 +
 
 +
==Stage five==
 +
 
 +
*This was the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic when all B.C. schools were closed on March 17.
 +
*It includes the suspension of all in-class instruction for all grades and students. During this stage, all learning is done remotely and online.
 +
 
 +
==Stage four==
 +
 
 +
*This is the current stage for all 60 B.C. school districts and independent schools.
 +
*Most students are still learning remotely or online, but exceptions are made for children of essential workers and vulnerable students.
 +
*According to the ministry, there are currently 4,700 children of essential workers and 300 students with high-learning needs attending these in-class programs.
 +
 
 +
==Stage three==
 +
 
 +
*Stage three includes in-class learning for kindergarten to Grade 5 on a part-time basis and access to in-class learning as needed for Grades 6 to 12 on a part-time basis.
 +
*Remote and online learning will still be available.
 +
 
 +
==Stage two==
 +
 
 +
*Students in elementary school — kindergarten to Grade 7  — will return to classrooms full time and secondary students  — Grade 8 to12  — will return on a part-time basis.
 +
*Secondary students will still have access to remote and online learning if they prefer.
 +
 
 +
==Stage 1==
 +
 
 +
*This is the return to full in-class instruction for all students from kindergarten to Grade 12 in the province.While outlining plans to ease restrictions provincewide,
 +
*Premier John Horgan said B.C. is preparing for a full resumption of school by September. In the meantime, Horgan said classrooms would open their doors to more students by next month.  Higginson said she expects districts to move into stage three by June, if not before.  She estimated that in stage three, the younger group will have classroom instruction about 50 per cent of the week. Older students, who she said are better at self-regulation and online learning, would receive about 20 per cent of instruction in class.
 +
*During stage three, remote and online learning will still be available and in-class attendance will be optional.  "No family will be forced to send their child back," said Higginson.  To hear the complete interview with Stephanie Higginson on ''The Early Edition'', tap the audio link below:[https://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1735038019896/]
  
 
==='''Hope where are you?'''===
 
==='''Hope where are you?'''===
Line 68: Line 114:
 
===Grades 6-12===
 
===Grades 6-12===
  
 
+
There are a number of perspectives on the effectiveness of online classes.  This article is one that explores that question.
 
[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/schools/of-online-classes-and-day-dreams-89825 Online classes — How effective?] By ''Samaira Guleria, Class X, Carmel Convent School, Chandigarh''
 
[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/schools/of-online-classes-and-day-dreams-89825 Online classes — How effective?] By ''Samaira Guleria, Class X, Carmel Convent School, Chandigarh''
  
===Post-secondary===
+
=='''Education'''==
How the education will look like in future?[http://www.cmmmagazine.com/cmm-articles/higher-education-in-2050/#:~:text=In%202050%2C%20at%20least%2090,social%2C%20geographical%20or%20national%20boundaries.&text=Overall%20student%2Dstaff%20ratios%20of,1%20will%20be%20the%20norm.] Teachers will be treated as robots who will provide course content and give feedback on assignments.  
+
How the education will look like in future?[http://www.cmmmagazine.com/cmm-articles/higher-education-in-2050/#:~:text=In%202050%2C%20at%20least%2090,social%2C%20geographical%20or%20national%20boundaries.&text=Overall%20student%2Dstaff%20ratios%20of,1%20will%20be%20the%20norm.] Teachers will be treated as robots who will provide course content and give feedback on assignments.
  
Pham, D. (2019). Higher education in 2050. Retrieved June 7, 2020 from <nowiki>http://www.cmmmagazine.com/cmm-articles/higher-education-in-2050/#:~:text=In%202050%2C%20at%20least%2090,social%2C%20geographical%20or%20national%20boundaries.&text=Overall%20student%2Dstaff%20ratios%20of,1%20will%20be%20the%20norm</nowiki>.
+
"What if virus is not sickness but a cure, and we are the virus to the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Gm9RYZCsPs Earth]" Its need to teach students about how to protect the mother Earth?
  
 
<br />
 
<br />
==Academic Integrity, Privacy and Security Concerns==
+
===Post-secondary===
 +
 
 +
=='''Academic Integrity, Privacy and Security Concerns'''==
 
As education was forced to move to online delivery systems, it became a vital part of an educator's role to be informed about the privacy and protection of information legislation in their districts, provinces, and countries.  
 
As education was forced to move to online delivery systems, it became a vital part of an educator's role to be informed about the privacy and protection of information legislation in their districts, provinces, and countries.  
  
Line 84: Line 132:
 
Some technologies have clear privacy and data collection information, for example, [https://discord.com/privacy this page] on Discord's site. It provides details of where the data is stored, how it is used, and how users can request and delete all data about them in the servers.  
 
Some technologies have clear privacy and data collection information, for example, [https://discord.com/privacy this page] on Discord's site. It provides details of where the data is stored, how it is used, and how users can request and delete all data about them in the servers.  
  
 +
=='''Resources/Tips for educators and parents'''==
 +
Online teaching and learning has been difficult for everyone. Sir John Daniel offers some suggestions on how to go about online teaching for educators. In his article, [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3.pdf ''Education and the COVID-19 pandemic''], he recommends asynchronous learning, using Open Educational Resources (OER) and provides some resources at the end of the article for teachers and parents. Some of these resources include talking to children about COVID-19, how to look after everyone's mental health, and online safety for students. Although this article provides resources that are based in the UK, they are useful for all educators and parents. Check out this [https://www.saferinternet.org.uk/blog/keeping-children-happy-and-safe-online-during-covid-19 website] for student friendly videos of online safety tips for ages 3-18. The videos could be used with students face-to-face, during online synchronous meetings, or asynchronous times.
  
 
==Accessibility==
 
==Accessibility==
 
==Predictions==
 
==Predictions==
  
 
+
This might be the future education model:  [https://www.thedp.com/article/2020/03/labs-online-penn-professors-biology-chemistry-physics virtual and take-home labs],[https://www.imperial.ac.uk/immersive-technology-initiative/ Digital Learning Hub: Immersive Technology Initiative]
 
[https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-education-global-covid19-online-digital-learning/ The COVID-19 Pandemic has Changed Education Forever.  This is how.]  By Cathy Li and Farah Lalani
 
[https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-education-global-covid19-online-digital-learning/ The COVID-19 Pandemic has Changed Education Forever.  This is how.]  By Cathy Li and Farah Lalani
  
 
[https://www.mededpublish.org/manuscripts/2943 A vision of the use of technology in medical education after the COVID-19 pandemic]  by Poh-Sun Goh[1], John Sandars[2]
 
[https://www.mededpublish.org/manuscripts/2943 A vision of the use of technology in medical education after the COVID-19 pandemic]  by Poh-Sun Goh[1], John Sandars[2]
==References==
+
==References<ref>EBBEATTIE. (2017, December 14). ''FIPPA consent forms: A pedagogical opportunity for one B.C. post-secondary educator''. bccampus. <nowiki>https://bccampus.ca/2017/12/14/fippa-consent-forms-a-pedagogical-opportunity-for-one-b-c-post-secondary-educator/</nowiki></ref>==
 +
<references />2. Pham, D. (2019). Higher education in 2050. Retrieved June 7, 2020 from <nowiki>http://www.cmmmagazine.com/cmm-articles/higher-education-in-</nowiki> 
 +
 
 +
2050/#:~:text=In%202050%2C%20at%20least%2090,social%2C%20geographical%20or%20national%20boundaries.&text=Overall%20student%2Dstaff%20ratios%20of,1%20will%20be%20the%20norm.
 +
 
 +
3. Strauss, V. (2020, April 22). Perspective | How relationships between teachers and students are being tested in covid-19 crisis. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/04/22/how-relationships-between-teachers-students-are-being-tested-covid-19-crisis/</nowiki>
 +
 
 +
4. UNESCO Institute. (2020, June 3). Guidances for online education by IITE and its partners. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://iite.unesco.org/news/guidances-for-online-education-during-covid-19-pandemic-by-iite-and-its-partners/</nowiki>
 +
 
 +
5. DK Films, (March 21, 2020). Corona virus-covid19 short film end of the world? Retrieved June 8, 2020 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Gm9RYZCsPs
 +
 
 +
6. Daniel, S.J. (2020, April 20). Education and the COVID‑19 pandemic. ''Springer. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3</nowiki>''
 +
 
 +
7. UK Safer Internet Centre (2020)''. Keeping children happy and safe online during COVID-19''. https://www.saferinternet.org.uk/blog/keeping-children-happy-and-safe-online-during-covid-19
 +
 
 +
8. DeVaney, J., Shimshon, G., Rascoff M., & Maggioncalda, J.(2020, May 05). Higher Ed Needs a Long-Term Plan for Virtual Learning. ''Harvard Business Review'' .https://hbr.org/2020/05/higher-ed-needs-a-long-term-plan-for-virtual-learning
 +
 
 +
9. NewsChannel 5 (2020, March 26). How is COVID-19 affecting the education system? [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6eCDznRXFo Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6eCDznRXFo]

Latest revision as of 14:10, 29 June 2020

Lessons and observations from the great switch to online delivery in 2020!

On this, you can also add media of various sorts and the video in the course Moodle highlights some of the editing options. I expect that further things to explore as well as tangents on what we have here initially will evolve as the class adds content and ideas to the wiki.

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Education

Lessons and perspectives from Educators

All across the world, schools and universities have shut because of COVID-19. Globally, all children are out of the classroom. Consequently, education has dramatically transformed with the rise of e-learning, in which teaching is done remotely and on digital platforms and this greatly affects the bond between teachers and students as students rely on educators not only for academics but also for social and emotional learning. Here is a source which tell us about how this pandemic it becomes a challenge for teachers and students click here. and here is a guidance form UNESCO Institute to how to shift online. Click here

Real-life picture of a teachers desk during the Covid 19 online learning March-June 2020

Lessons and perspectives from Students

COVID-19 and its affects on Education when educational institutions are closed and students, parents, teachers as well as administrators are not sure that the days missed will be made up later on.


What will Education look like in September 2020 Due to Covid 19

CBC - News Source https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-schools-reopening-online-learning-september-1.5596381

- it's "very likely,'' to be a hybrid online and in-class model. - "I fully expect all children will be back in some sort of a classroom environment come September,''

- The guidelines that limit classroom capacity to 50 per cent for kindergarten through Grade 5 and 20 per cent for middle school and high school won't change before September

BC Curriculum - https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/education-training/k-12/support/classroom-alternatives/online-distributed-learning

- In this style of learning, students can connect with their teacher from anywhere in the world on their own schedule and their own terms. This approach is called distributed learning (DL).

- Teachers use a wide variety of electronic tools to teach their students including voice and video conferencing over the Internet, email, telephone calls and others.
Online course and program finder - https://www.learnnowbc.ca/Courses/

Class outlook during covid-19:- https://www.surreynowleader.com/news/covid-19-a-look-at-social-distancing-at-surrey-schools-providing-childcare/


According to my view point, technology contributed a lot in this covid-19 situation. Technology has given us a substitution for teachers.  Technology helps teachers in such a way that improve students retention power in education and marking assignments made less time consuming.

Technology also enhance learning skills in students. with the help of technology only classes become so flexible. Due to technology, online classes become possible which is cost less due to fuel, parking, car maintenance, and public transportation costs.

I think the future of online education is bright and promising.


Classes will look 'fundamentally' different in September: Education Minister- distancing protocols, spacing of desks and the mobility of students in a school.

Lessons and perspectives from Institutions. Classes will on a very basic level be somewhat unique in September, yet main point is for them to be back in class in a sheltered way drove by an instructor and giving children that feeling of expectation and positive thinking I think they need at this moment.

Back to school protocols during pandemic learners (K-12)

The provincial government announced a gradual return to normal life in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic this week and it includes a five-stage plan to resuming in-class learning for B.C. students from kindergarten to Grade 12.


According to the Ministry of Education, stage one is the final step and includes the full return of all students to their classrooms. Currently, all 60 school districts and independent schools are in stage four in which classroom programs are available only to select students.

Stephanie Higginson, president of the B.C. School Trustees Association, said the stages will look different in each district as it decides how best to introduce them.

These are the five stages as defined by the ministry:

Stage five

  • This was the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic when all B.C. schools were closed on March 17.
  • It includes the suspension of all in-class instruction for all grades and students. During this stage, all learning is done remotely and online.

Stage four

  • This is the current stage for all 60 B.C. school districts and independent schools.
  • Most students are still learning remotely or online, but exceptions are made for children of essential workers and vulnerable students.
  • According to the ministry, there are currently 4,700 children of essential workers and 300 students with high-learning needs attending these in-class programs.

Stage three

  • Stage three includes in-class learning for kindergarten to Grade 5 on a part-time basis and access to in-class learning as needed for Grades 6 to 12 on a part-time basis.
  • Remote and online learning will still be available.

Stage two

  • Students in elementary school — kindergarten to Grade 7  — will return to classrooms full time and secondary students  — Grade 8 to12  — will return on a part-time basis.
  • Secondary students will still have access to remote and online learning if they prefer.

Stage 1

  • This is the return to full in-class instruction for all students from kindergarten to Grade 12 in the province.While outlining plans to ease restrictions provincewide,
  • Premier John Horgan said B.C. is preparing for a full resumption of school by September. In the meantime, Horgan said classrooms would open their doors to more students by next month. Higginson said she expects districts to move into stage three by June, if not before. She estimated that in stage three, the younger group will have classroom instruction about 50 per cent of the week. Older students, who she said are better at self-regulation and online learning, would receive about 20 per cent of instruction in class.
  • During stage three, remote and online learning will still be available and in-class attendance will be optional. "No family will be forced to send their child back," said Higginson. To hear the complete interview with Stephanie Higginson on The Early Edition, tap the audio link below:[1]

Hope where are you?

Given these turbulent times, many people have found ways to utilize educational technology to connect with their students. Not everyone’s’ experience being away from school, however, has been the same!

I recently attended a Webinar session hosted by the Alberta Teachers’ Association (ATA) with Armand Doucet, one of the authors of Hope where are you? a children’s book that was written and produced in collaboration with a number of volunteers, who were searching for ways trying to give back to the world. "Our dream is for as many children around the world to hear the story of Hope where are you? and for parents, carers and key adults to use it to support children during the time of COVID-19" (#Hope where are you?, 2020).

Their website has a variety of great, easy to implement educator resources, and you can download the book (in a multitude of languages) for free. Moreover, it has a Creative Commons License, so feel free to use and reimagine its potential at will. From a global social justice perspective, they have also partnered with UNICEF to help provide relief to those impacted the most by the COVID pandemic. As the Hope, where are you? book and the movement are still a work in progress, they are also still looking for volunteers for additional translations. I do not currently see any of our Indigenous languages represented yet, so if any of you have any “connections” to anyone that might be interested in participating, that would be AMAZING!

What I loved the most about the book, in reference to the author’s message is “Globally, we are all in this together” and that “We are in crisis learning, not online learning”, and “All our children/students have stories to share”, and finally “This book is not about giving hope, it is about finding hope!”- Armand Doucet

I think HOPE is found at TRU😉


Click HERE for more information about the #HopeWhereAreYou movement and their COVID-19 Response.

Alberta Teachers' Association Webinar Introduction: Hope, Where Are You? (Meet the Author)

A free children's book, titled “Hope, Where Are You?” Is the story of six children around the world who are experiencing school closures. Each story follows a similar pattern of frustration and challenge, finding their hope and importantly spreading their hope to others. 2020 will forever be known for COVID-19 and as the year in human history when almost all the schools in the world physically closed their doors to children and staff.

This book, which in just 3 weeks has spawned a global #HopeWhereAreYou movement will be the basis for an amazing discussion that you won’t want to miss.  It's been an unprecedented time and we are seeing the starting impact of school closures due to Covid-19 on children around the world. Schools will not be opening in the immediate future and when they do, they will look and feel very different to what they were like at the birth of the new year. Children are confused, many are scared, and the only constant seems to be the unknown. (May 28, 2020)


References

#HopeWhereAreYou. (2020). Retrieved June 02, 2020, from https://www.hopewhereareyou.com/

Fore, H. (2020, May 12). UNICEF: Coronavirus children's crisis appeal. Retrieved June 02, 2020, from https://www.unicef.org/coronavirus/covid-19/donate?utm_campaign=coronavirus


Grades 6-12

There are a number of perspectives on the effectiveness of online classes. This article is one that explores that question. Online classes — How effective? By Samaira Guleria, Class X, Carmel Convent School, Chandigarh

Education

How the education will look like in future?[2] Teachers will be treated as robots who will provide course content and give feedback on assignments.

"What if virus is not sickness but a cure, and we are the virus to the Earth" Its need to teach students about how to protect the mother Earth?


Post-secondary

Academic Integrity, Privacy and Security Concerns

As education was forced to move to online delivery systems, it became a vital part of an educator's role to be informed about the privacy and protection of information legislation in their districts, provinces, and countries.

One of the essential aspects of Canada's FIPPA (Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act) regulations is the disclosure of the location where any data collected will be stored. If the servers are outside of Canada, one workaround is to provide students with consent forms regarding the handling and storing of their information to minimize the chances of a FIPPA breech (Lamb, n.d., as cited in EBBEATTIE, 2017). A full explanation of the application of FIPPA in British Columbia, Canada, can be found on BC Law's website.

Some technologies have clear privacy and data collection information, for example, this page on Discord's site. It provides details of where the data is stored, how it is used, and how users can request and delete all data about them in the servers.

Resources/Tips for educators and parents

Online teaching and learning has been difficult for everyone. Sir John Daniel offers some suggestions on how to go about online teaching for educators. In his article, Education and the COVID-19 pandemic, he recommends asynchronous learning, using Open Educational Resources (OER) and provides some resources at the end of the article for teachers and parents. Some of these resources include talking to children about COVID-19, how to look after everyone's mental health, and online safety for students. Although this article provides resources that are based in the UK, they are useful for all educators and parents. Check out this website for student friendly videos of online safety tips for ages 3-18. The videos could be used with students face-to-face, during online synchronous meetings, or asynchronous times.

Accessibility

Predictions

This might be the future education model: virtual and take-home labs,Digital Learning Hub: Immersive Technology Initiative The COVID-19 Pandemic has Changed Education Forever. This is how. By Cathy Li and Farah Lalani

A vision of the use of technology in medical education after the COVID-19 pandemic by Poh-Sun Goh[1], John Sandars[2]

References[1]

  1. EBBEATTIE. (2017, December 14). FIPPA consent forms: A pedagogical opportunity for one B.C. post-secondary educator. bccampus. https://bccampus.ca/2017/12/14/fippa-consent-forms-a-pedagogical-opportunity-for-one-b-c-post-secondary-educator/

2. Pham, D. (2019). Higher education in 2050. Retrieved June 7, 2020 from http://www.cmmmagazine.com/cmm-articles/higher-education-in-

2050/#:~:text=In%202050%2C%20at%20least%2090,social%2C%20geographical%20or%20national%20boundaries.&text=Overall%20student%2Dstaff%20ratios%20of,1%20will%20be%20the%20norm.

3. Strauss, V. (2020, April 22). Perspective | How relationships between teachers and students are being tested in covid-19 crisis. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2020/04/22/how-relationships-between-teachers-students-are-being-tested-covid-19-crisis/

4. UNESCO Institute. (2020, June 3). Guidances for online education by IITE and its partners. Retrieved from https://iite.unesco.org/news/guidances-for-online-education-during-covid-19-pandemic-by-iite-and-its-partners/

5. DK Films, (March 21, 2020). Corona virus-covid19 short film end of the world? Retrieved June 8, 2020 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Gm9RYZCsPs

6. Daniel, S.J. (2020, April 20). Education and the COVID‑19 pandemic. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3

7. UK Safer Internet Centre (2020). Keeping children happy and safe online during COVID-19. https://www.saferinternet.org.uk/blog/keeping-children-happy-and-safe-online-during-covid-19

8. DeVaney, J., Shimshon, G., Rascoff M., & Maggioncalda, J.(2020, May 05). Higher Ed Needs a Long-Term Plan for Virtual Learning. Harvard Business Review .https://hbr.org/2020/05/higher-ed-needs-a-long-term-plan-for-virtual-learning

9. NewsChannel 5 (2020, March 26). How is COVID-19 affecting the education system? Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6eCDznRXFo